An essential guide on verifying land ownership, perfect title deeds, and avoiding property fraud in Nigeria.
Real estate transactions in Nigeria can be highly lucrative, but they also carry significant legal risks if proper due diligence is ignored. Understanding land documentation is the first line of defense against fraud and loss of capital.
Key Land Documents in Nigeria
- Certificate of Occupancy (C of O): The most important land document, issued by the State Government, certifying ownership for a 99-year lease.
- Deed of Assignment: The legal agreement transferring ownership from the seller (assignor) to the buyer (assignee).
- Survey Plan: A map detailing the exact boundaries and location of the land, registered with the Surveyor General.
- Governor Consent: The mandatory approval required from the Governor before transferring land interests.
Before buying property, always execute a search at the Land Registry to verify the title, confirm it is not under government acquisition, and inspect the physical site.